Devices are necessary to adhere to a protocol so the interrupt-ask for (IRQ) strains might be shared. The PCI bus contains 4 interrupt strains, INTA# by means of INTD#, all of which are available to each machine. Around 8 PCI gadgets share the same IRQ line (INTINA# by way of https://nathanlabsadvisory.com/navigating-the-2025-cybersecurity-threat-landscape/